The spindle checkpoint, also known as the metaphase-to-anaphase transition, the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), the metaphase checkpoint, or the mitotic checkpoint, is a cell cycle checkpoint during metaphase of mitosis or meiosis that prevents the separation of the duplicated chromosomes (anaphase) until each chromosome is properly attached to the spindle. To achieve proper segregation, the two kinetochores on the sister chromatids must be attached to opposite spindle poles. Only this pattern of attachment will ensure that each daughter cell receives one copy of the chromosome. The defining biochemical feature of this checkpoint is the stimulation of the anaphase-promoting complex by M-phase cyclin-CDK complexes, which in turn causes the proteolytic destruction of cyclins and proteins that hold the sister chromatids together.
"}{"slip": { "id": 108, "advice": "Don't ever name files or folders using the word \"Final\"."}}
{"type":"standard","title":"Leni Riefenstahl","displaytitle":"Leni Riefenstahl","namespace":{"id":0,"text":""},"wikibase_item":"Q55415","titles":{"canonical":"Leni_Riefenstahl","normalized":"Leni Riefenstahl","display":"Leni Riefenstahl"},"pageid":17562,"thumbnail":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Leni_Riefenstahl%2C_1935.jpg/330px-Leni_Riefenstahl%2C_1935.jpg","width":320,"height":425},"originalimage":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Leni_Riefenstahl%2C_1935.jpg","width":1206,"height":1600},"lang":"en","dir":"ltr","revision":"1289140349","tid":"98ce97de-2aa9-11f0-abd1-79987191cc98","timestamp":"2025-05-06T18:40:35Z","description":"German filmmaker (1902–2003)","description_source":"local","content_urls":{"desktop":{"page":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leni_Riefenstahl","revisions":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leni_Riefenstahl?action=history","edit":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leni_Riefenstahl?action=edit","talk":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Leni_Riefenstahl"},"mobile":{"page":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leni_Riefenstahl","revisions":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/Leni_Riefenstahl","edit":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leni_Riefenstahl?action=edit","talk":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Leni_Riefenstahl"}},"extract":"Helene Bertha Amalie \"Leni\" Riefenstahl was a German film director, producer, screenwriter, editor, photographer, and actress. She is considered one of the most controversial personalities in film history. Regarded by many critics as an \"innovative filmmaker and creative aesthete\", she is also criticized for her works in the service of propaganda during the Nazi era.","extract_html":"
Helene Bertha Amalie \"Leni\" Riefenstahl was a German film director, producer, screenwriter, editor, photographer, and actress. She is considered one of the most controversial personalities in film history. Regarded by many critics as an \"innovative filmmaker and creative aesthete\", she is also criticized for her works in the service of propaganda during the Nazi era.
"}{"fact":"During the Middle Ages, cats were associated with withcraft, and on St. John\u2019s Day, people all over Europe would stuff them into sacks and toss the cats into bonfires. On holy days, people celebrated by tossing cats from church towers.","length":235}
{"type":"standard","title":"United Nations Security Council Resolution 2100","displaytitle":"United Nations Security Council Resolution 2100","namespace":{"id":0,"text":""},"wikibase_item":"Q28133829","titles":{"canonical":"United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2100","normalized":"United Nations Security Council Resolution 2100","display":"United Nations Security Council Resolution 2100"},"pageid":51125289,"thumbnail":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Black_and_white_UN_emblem.jpg/330px-Black_and_white_UN_emblem.jpg","width":320,"height":271},"originalimage":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Black_and_white_UN_emblem.jpg","width":8031,"height":6803},"lang":"en","dir":"ltr","revision":"1271077436","tid":"ec3a2a72-d8ca-11ef-8818-fa8d1c568698","timestamp":"2025-01-22T14:12:33Z","description":"Resolution on the Mali conflict after the 2012 Tuareg rebellion","description_source":"local","content_urls":{"desktop":{"page":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2100","revisions":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2100?action=history","edit":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2100?action=edit","talk":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2100"},"mobile":{"page":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2100","revisions":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2100","edit":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2100?action=edit","talk":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2100"}},"extract":"\nThe United Nations Security Council established the Peacekeeping Force for Mali effective 1 July, unanimously adopting resolution 2100 (2013) with the aim to support the political transition process and help stabilize Mali.\n","extract_html":"
\nThe United Nations Security Council established the Peacekeeping Force for Mali effective 1 July, unanimously adopting resolution 2100 (2013) with the aim to support the political transition process and help stabilize Mali.
\n"}